2,036 research outputs found
Building a Driving Simulator as an Electric Vehicle Hardware Development Tool
Driving simulators have been used to support the development of new vehicle systems for many years.
The rise of electric vehicles (EVs) as a means of reducing carbon emissions has lead to the emergence of a
number of new design challenges related to the performance of EV components and the flow of power under a
variety of circumstances. In this paper we describe the integration of an EV drive train test system with a driving
simulator to allow the performance of EV systems to be investigated while under the control of real drivers in
simulated scenarios. Such a system offers several potential benefits. The performance of EV drive trains can be
evaluated subjectively by real world users while the electrical and mechanical properties can be tested under a
variety of conditions which would be difficult to replicate using standard drive cycles
The State of the Art in Fuel Cell Condition Monitoring and Maintenance
Fuel cell vehicles are considered to be a viable solution to problems such as carbon emissions and fuel shortages for road transport. Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells are mainly used in this purpose because they can run at low temperatures and have a simple structure. Yet to make this technology commercially viable, there are still many hurdles to overcome. Apart from the high cost of fuel cell systems, high maintenance costs and short lifecycle are two main issues need to be addressed. The main purpose of this paper is to review the issues affecting the reliability and lifespan of fuel cells and present the state of the art in fuel cell condition monitoring and maintenance. The Structure of PEM fuel cell is introduced and examples of its application in a variety of applications are presented. The fault modes including membrane flooding/drying, fuel/gas starvation, physical defects of membrane, and catalyst poisoning are listed and assessed for their impact. Then the relationship between causes, faults, symptoms and long term implications of fault conditions are summarized. Finally the state of the art in PEM fuel cell condition monitoring and maintenance is reviewed and conclusions are drawn regarding suggested maintenance strategies and the optimal structure for an integrated, cost effective condition monitoring and maintenance management system
Management by objectives: a case study
Management by objectives is a relatively new phrase
in the management literature and this report investigated
some of the characteristics and implications of this approach
to management.The literature on this topic was reviewed where it was
found that management by objectives was concerned with the
identification 'of the important areas in which objectives
need to be set, the specification of the relevant objectives within these areas, and the derivation of adequate
plans to ensure that the objectives will be achieved. It
was advocated that there should be a broad range of objectives established in every area affecting the survival of
the organisation.The review of literature was followed by a case study
in which management by objectives was introduced into an
industrial organisation,, Field conditions that need to be
satisfied if action research of this kind is to be conducted were carefully examined.Working according to the principle of management by
objectives involved several phases of operations. The
first dealt with establishing objectives and corresponding
levels of performance or targets. Next was the period in
which corrective action was taken if accomplishment looked
like falling short of expectation. At the end of this
period a work review session was held in which variances
were examined, and factors preventing the achievement of
the objectives identified. This led to the establishing
of revised objectives and targets for the new period of
operation.It was found that establishing and working towards
the achievement of objectives had implications for other
management practices, It provided a means of readily
identifying the training needs within an organisation, and
could offer a rationale for formal appraisal concerning
questions of promotion and possibly aspects of salary
administration.These practical aspects of the research were supplemented by an analytical study involving the assessment of
organisational effectiveness. It was found that the
organisational units examined in this study could be
placed on a scale of effectiveness, so that those units
that were "effective" were so over a range of ten organisational criteria, while those units at the other end of
the scale were rated poorly with respect to most of the
criteria.It was also hoped, to use the same kind of criteria to
assess the change in effectiveness resulting from the
introduction of management by objectives. It was found,
however, that the period of 13 months over which the research
was conducted was too short for there to be fundamental
changes brought about in some of the organisational variables
used in the above analysis
Revealing flows in the local economy through visualisations:customers, clicks/cliques and clusters
It is well known by now, that the world has suffered an economic downturn. This has led many governments and organisations to invest resources into researching varying strategies to combat such problem. For some time now, governments have been promoting growth by encouraging local spending; we have witnessed this through ?shop local? campaigns and local currencies. We introduce BARTER a moBile sociAl netwoRking supporTing local Ethical tRading system to tackle this issue, at it?s core an information system that encompasses technology, social media and business analytics are brought together to engage customers, traders and citizens to spend locally by featuring the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations of trading local. After situating BARTER at the heart of the community (with varying traders in and around Lancaster, UK) for some time, this paper is a follow on from a ?BARTER Visualisations? design concept, reporting on the progression and recent developments in the project. Whilst these systems are in place within the community, further research is being conducted to evaluate if revealing and transforming transaction data in a playful and informative manner will help citizens better understand the flow of money in the local economy
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a recessive genetically heterogeneous disorder of motile cilia with chronic otosinopulmonary disease and organ laterality defects in âŒ50% of cases. The prevalence of PCD is difficult to determine. Recent diagnostic advances through measurement of nasal nitric oxide and genetic testing has allowed rigorous diagnoses and determination of a robust clinical phenotype, which includes neonatal respiratory distress, daily nasal congestion, and wet cough starting early in life, along with organ laterality defects. There is early onset of lung disease in PCD with abnormal airflow mechanics and radiographic abnormalities detected in infancy and early childhood
Visualizing Mississippi Histories: Two Short Films
Raisin\u27 Cotton / Emma Knowles Lytle (1941), introduction by Andy HarperHomeplace / Michael Ford (1975
Exploring sustainability research in computing:where we are and where we go next
This paper develops a holistic framework of questions mo- tivating sustainability research in computing in order to en- able new opportunities for critique. Analysis of systemat- ically selected corpora of computing publications demon- strates that several of these question areas are well covered, while others are ripe for further exploration. It also pro- vides insight into which of these questions tend to be ad- dressed by different communities within sustainable com- puting. The framework itself reveals discursive similarities between other existing environmental discourses, enabling reflection and participation with the broader sustainability debate. It is argued that the current computing discourse on sustainability is reformist and premised in a Triple Bottom Line construction of sustainability, and a radical, Quadruple Bottom Line alternative is explored as a new vista for com- puting research
Preparing community forestry for REDD+: engaging local communities in the mapping and MRV requirements of REDD+
Based on fieldwork carried out over the last five years, this article presents the case for communities being permitted to make their own forest carbon inventories for the purposes of monitoring under national REDD+ programmes, following brief training. Modern technology, particularly PDAs (small, handheld computers), can provide the platform both for mapping and for storing data, and can easily be used by people with only a few years primary education, although a technical agency will be needed to back up such systems. There are many advantages to this approach: costs are much lower than when professionals do the work, while the data are equally accurate. âOwnershipÂŽ of the data may be important in legitimising communitiesÂŽ claims to carbon credits in the forests they manage
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